What is the concept of water electrolysis?

Water electrolysis is a chemical experiment that uses water decomposition and synthesis experiments to understand that water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. The main supplies include Hoffman electrolyzer, DC power supply (or lead-acid battery), wires, test tubes, alcohol lamps, gas pipes, induction coils, electric keys, iron stands, iron clamps, gas storage bottles, glass sinks, etc.
concept
The electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen is a well-known technology. The basic principle is that water is converted into gaseous hydrogen and oxygen by DC power, which is the reverse process of the fuel cell. Nicholson and Carlisle first demonstrated the water electrolysis process in 1800. Faraday clarified the principle of water electrolysis in 1834 and proposed the concept of "electrolysis". The commercial use of electrolysis to generate hydrogen from water was first started in 1902 by the engineering company Oerlikon.
There are two main types of electrolyzers based on operating temperature: low-temperature electrolysis technology and high-temperature electrolysis. LTE is divided into two types: alkaline electrolyzer and proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. Both of them have been commercialized and can achieve energy efficiency of about 75%. Alkaline water electrolysis technology using potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (OH-) as the electrolyte is a mature technology and occupies most of the commercial water electrolyzer market. The main research and development issue in the future is to improve energy efficiency while reducing the cost of electrolysis equipment. cost. Alkaline electrolyte membranes are under development, and their success will bring greater progress to water electrolysis technology.